Trouver et télécharger le favicon d'une page en PHP
Mars 2014
Le favicon, c'est la petite image affichée par le navigateur web, généralement dans les onglets, pour identifier facilement et rapidement un site sans ouvrir l'onglet :
Techniquement, le favicon est simplement une image, qui porte généralement l'extension .ico, ou plus rarement l'extension .png (car le PNG n'est pas compatible avec certains navigateurs anciens ou de mauvaise qualité comme Internet Explorer).
Chaque site héberge son propre favicon, et le navigateur a 2 façons de trouver ce favicon :
- Avec l'URL par défaut :
http;//www.site.com/favicon.ico - Ou alors en utilisant la balise link shortcut icon qui indique l'URL du favicon :
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//cdn.sstatic.net/stackoverflow/img/favicon.ico?v=5bcec08ba0c5">
Du coup, déterminer l'URL du favicon d'un site web n'est pas simple, il y a beaucoup de paramètres à prendre en compte, notamment pour lire et interpréter la valeur de la base link shortcut icon qui peut contenir des URL absolues ou relatives, et dont potentiellement dépendantes du contexte comme le protocole (http/https) ou la base <base href="..." />. Sans compter les éventuelles redirections HTTP qui viennent encore compliquer le travail...
Voilà donc une classe PHP que j'ai écrite et qui permet de trouver et télécharger très facilement le favicon d'un site simplement à partir d'une URL. Voici comment on l'utilise :
La page du jour est aperçu avant impression dans excel, bonne lecture.
<?php
require 'FaviconDownloader.class.php';
$favicon = new FaviconDownloader('http://koreus.fr');
if($favicon->icoExists){
echo "URL du favicon : ".$favicon->icoUrl."\n";
file_put_contents('favicon.'.$favicon->icoType, $favicon->icoData);
} else {
echo "Aucun favicon";
}
echo "Détails :\n";
$favicon->debug();
?>
Voici la classe FaviconDownloader (les commentaires sont en anglais car je ratisse large ^^) :
Classe FaviconDownloader Télécharger la classe PHP FaviconDownloader, avec un fichier d'exemple inclus.
Télécharger
<?php
/**
* FaviconDownloader
* Find favicon URL and download it easy
* Requirements : PHP 5.2+ with curl extension
* © 2014 www.finalclap.com
* @copyright 2014 Vincent Paré
* @author Vincent Paré
* @link http://www.finalclap.com/
* @version 1
*/
class FaviconDownloader
{
public $url = null; // (string) Page URL
public $pageUrl = null; // (string) Page URL, after prospective redirects
public $siteUrl = null; // (string) Site root URL (homepage), based on $pageUrl
public $icoUrl = null; // (string) full URI to favicon
public $icoType = null; // (string) favicon type (file extension, ex: ico|gif|png)
public $findMethod = null; // (string) favicon url determination method (default /favicon.ico or found in <head> <link/> tag)
public $error = null; // (string) details, in case of failure...
public $icoExists = null; // (bool) tell if the favicon exists (set after calling downloadFavicon)
public $icoMd5 = null; // (string) md5 of $icoData
public $icoData = null; // (binary) favicon binary data
public $debugInfo = null; // (array) additionnal debug info
public static $httpProxy = null; // (string) HTTP proxy (ex: localhost:8888)
/**
* Create a new FaviconDownloader object, search & download favicon if $auto is true
*/
public function __construct($url = null, $auto = true)
{
if(!$url) return;
$this->url = $url;
if(!$auto) return;
$this->getFaviconUrl();
$this->downloadFavicon();
}
/**
* Download page and search html to find favicon URL. Returns favicon URL.
*/
public function getFaviconUrl()
{
// If already executed, don't need to search again
if(!empty($this->icoUrl)){
return $this->icoUrl;
}
// Check URL to search
if(empty($this->url)){
trigger_error('$this->url is empty', E_USER_WARNING);
return false;
}
// Removing fragment (hash) from URL
$url = $this->url;
$urlInfo = parse_url($this->url);
if(isset($urlInfo['fragment'])){
$url = str_replace('#'.$urlInfo['fragment'], '', $url);
}
// Downloading the page
$html = self::downloadAs($url, $info);
if($info['curl_errno'] != 0){
$this->error = $info['curl_error'];
return false;
}
// Saving final URL (after prospective redirects) and get root URL
$this->pageUrl = $info['effective_url'];
$pageUrlInfo = parse_url($this->pageUrl);
if(!empty($pageUrlInfo['scheme']) && !empty($pageUrlInfo['host'])){
$this->siteUrl = $pageUrlInfo['scheme'].'://'.$pageUrlInfo['host'].'/';
}
// Default favicon URL
$this->icoUrl = $this->siteUrl.'favicon.ico';
$this->findMethod = 'default';
// HTML <head> tag extraction
preg_match('#^(.*)<\s*body#isU', $html, $matches);
$htmlHead = isset($matches[1]) ? $matches[1] : $html;
// HTML <base> tag href extraction
$base_href = null;
if(preg_match('#<base[^>]+href=(["\'])([^>]+)\1#i', $htmlHead, $matches)){
$base_href = rtrim($matches[2],'/').'/';
$this->debugInfo['base_href'] = &$base_href;
}
// HTML <link> icon tag analysis
if(preg_match('#<\s*link[^>]*(rel=(["\'])[^>\2]*icon[^>\2]*\2)[^>]*>#i', $htmlHead, $matches)){
$link_tag = $matches[0];
$this->debugInfo['link_tag'] = &$link_tag;
// HTML <link> icon tag href analysis
if(preg_match('#href\s*=\s*(["\'])(.*?)\1#i', $link_tag, $matches)){
$ico_href = trim($matches[2]);
$this->debugInfo['ico_href'] = &$ico_href;
$this->findMethod = 'head';
// Building full absolute URL
$urlType = self::urlType($ico_href);
$this->findMethod .= ' '.$urlType;
switch($urlType){
case 'absolue_full':
$this->icoUrl = $ico_href;
break;
case 'absolute_scheme':
$this->icoUrl = $pageUrlInfo['scheme'].':'.$ico_href;
break;
case 'absolute_path':
if(isset($base_href)){
$this->icoUrl = $base_href.$ico_href;
$this->findMethod .= ' with base href';
} else {
$this->icoUrl = rtrim($this->siteUrl, '/').'/'.ltrim($ico_href, '/');
$this->findMethod .= ' without base href';
}
break;
case 'relative':
$path = preg_replace('#/[^/]+?$#i', '/', $pageUrlInfo['path']);
if(isset($base_href)){
$this->icoUrl = $base_href.$ico_href;
$this->findMethod .= ' with base href';
} else {
$this->icoUrl = $pageUrlInfo['scheme'].'://'.$pageUrlInfo['host'].$path.$ico_href;
$this->findMethod .= ' without base href';
}
break;
}
}
}
$this->icoType = self::getExtension($this->icoUrl);
return $this->icoUrl;
}
/**
* Télécharge le favicon (et vérifie son existance au passage)
*/
public function downloadFavicon()
{
// Check params
if(empty($this->icoUrl)){
return false;
}
// Prevent useless re-download
if(!empty($this->icoData)){
return false;
}
// Download favicon
$content = self::downloadAs($this->icoUrl, $info);
$this->debugInfo['favicon_download_metadata'] = $info;
// Failover : if getting a 404 with favicon URL found in HTML source, trying with the default favicon URL
if($content === false && $info['http_code'] == 404 && $this->findMethod != 'default' && !isset($this->debugInfo['failover'])){
$this->icoUrl = $this->siteUrl.'favicon.ico';
$this->findMethod = 'default';
$this->icoType = self::getExtension($this->icoUrl);
$this->debugInfo['failover'] = true;
return $this->downloadFavicon();
}
// Download error
if($content === false){
$this->error = 'HTTP '.$info['http_code'];
return false;
}
// Check favicon content
if(strlen($content) == 0){
$this->error = "Empty content";
return false;
}
if(in_array($info['content_type'], array('text/html', 'text/plain')) || preg_match('#(</html>|</b>)#i', $content)){
$this->error = "Seems to be HTML page";
return false;
}
// All right baby !
$this->icoData = $content;
$this->icoMd5 = md5($content);
$this->icoExists = true;
return true;
}
/**
* Download URL as Firefox with cURL
* Details available in $info if provided
*/
public static function downloadAs($url, &$info = null)
{
$ch = curl_init($url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false); // Don't check SSL certificate to allow autosigned certificate
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true); // Follow redirects (302, 301)
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS, 20); // Follow up to 20 redirects
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:27.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/27.0');
if(!empty(self::$httpProxy)){
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PROXY, self::$httpProxy); // Set HTTP proxy
}
$content = curl_exec($ch);
$info['curl_errno'] = curl_errno($ch);
$info['curl_error'] = curl_error($ch);
$info['http_code'] = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
$info['effective_url'] = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);
$info['redirect_count'] = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_REDIRECT_COUNT);
$info['content_type'] = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_CONTENT_TYPE);
curl_close($ch);
if($info['curl_errno'] !== 0 || in_array($info['http_code'], array(403, 404, 500, 503))){
return false;
}
return $content;
}
/**
* Return file extension from an URL or a file path
*/
public static function getExtension($filename)
{
if(preg_match('#^(https?|ftp)#i', $filename)){
$url = parse_url($filename);
$filename = $url['path'];
}
$info = pathinfo($filename);
return $info['extension'];
}
/**
* Return URL type, either :
* - absolute_full ex: http://www.domain.com/images/fav.ico
* - absolute_scheme ex: //www.domain.com/images/fav.ico
* - absolute_path ex: /images/fav.ico
* - relative ex: ../images/fav.ico
*/
public static function urlType($url)
{
if(empty($url)) return false;
$urlInfo = parse_url($url);
if(!empty($urlInfo['scheme'])) return 'absolue_full';
if(preg_match('#^//#i', $url)) return 'absolute_scheme';
if(preg_match('#^/[^/]#i', $url)) return 'absolute_path';
return 'relative';
}
/**
* Show object printable properties, or return it if $return is true
*/
public function debug($return = false)
{
$dump = clone $this;
unset($dump->icoData);
if($return) return $dump;
print_r($dump);
}
}
?>
Allez donc jeter un oeil sur cette page : nuit magique.
1 commentaire :
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